Ị bụ injinia saịtị maka igwu omimi 15 m nke akwado site na ọkwa strut ise, ya na ụlọ 6 m n'azụ mgbidi. Ụbọchị ọ bụla e mere atụ ụdị ahụ na-egwu n'ọsọ gị, na-ahapụ otu strut na-etinye ọkwa na-esote, na-agbagọ mgbidi dị ka ọ bụ ole n'ime ya enweghị nkwado, na-agbasa mmegharị n'ime ọdọ ịdaba n'okpuru ụlọ ahụ, ma na-ebelata mmiri ala ebe ọ bụla ị na-akwọ. Ị na-ahụ ihe saịtị na-ahụ: ọgụgụ inclinometer na ịdaba ala nwere njehie nlele. Simulation maka agụmakwụkwọ naanị — ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ ngosi ma nke a abụghị ndụmọdụ nhazi injinia.
Mita ịdị omimi a na-ewepụ kwa ụbọchị. 0 na-akwụsị ndị na-egwu.
Kwụsị igwu 0.5 m n'okpuru ọkwa strut na-esote ruo mgbe etinyere strut ahụ.
Ike jack e kpọchiri n'ime strut ọhụrụ ọ bụla, dị ka òkè nke ibu nhazi ya. Na-adịgide na strut ndị etinyere site ugbu a gawa.
Hapụ ma ọ bụ tinye ala n'ụkwụ mgbidi: ọ na-akwado ihu mepere emepe (−2 m ịdị elu enweghị nkwado) mana enweghị ike igwu ihe mgbe ọ nọ ebe ahụ.
Ịkwọ mmiri site na olulu dị n'ime olulu a. Na-ebelata nrụgide aquifer n'okpuru ala — na gburugburu ya.
Mmiri a na-agbanye n'ala nso ụlọ ahụ iji jide mmiri ala elu n'okpuru ya. Ọ bụ mmiri a kwọpụtara ka a na-eji ọzọ, olulu ịgbanye mmiri na-akpọchikwa, ya mere ọ bụ naanị ihe kacha 55 % nke nsọpụrụ a kwọpụtara ka enwere ike ịlaghachi. Ọ na-alụkwa ọgụ ntakịrị megide iwepụ mmiri.
| Ịdaba ụlọ (ụdị) | 0.0 mm |
|---|---|
| Deflection mgbidi (ụdị) | 0.0 mm |
| Mgbanwe ịdaba kwa ụbọchị | 0.0 mm/d |
| Omimi igwu | 0.0 m |
| Ịdị elu enweghị nkwado | 0.0 m |
| Ibu strut kachasị ala | 0 % |
| Ọkwa strut etinyere | 0 |
| Drawdown n'okpuru olulu | 0.0 m |
| Drawdown n'okpuru ụlọ | 0.0 m |
| Ịdaba consolidation | 0.0 mm |
| Ụbọchị e gwuru karịa oke | 0 d |
| Mmiri a kwọpụtara ruo ugbu a | 0 10³ m³ |
| Mmiri nkwụnye a gbanyere n'ezie | 0 m³/h |
Ndị na-egwu nwere ike iwere 0.8 m kwa ụbọchị ma mmemme ahụ chọrọ ọsọ ahụ. Otu strut chọrọ ụbọchị abụọ maka ọkwa ọ bụla ma nwee ike ịmalite naanị mgbe igwu dị 0.5 m n'okpuru ya, ya mere n'ọsọ zuru ezu ihu na-aga n'ihu nkwado. Onye nwe ụlọ dị n'azụ mgbidi kwetara oke ịdaba 12 mm. Rue 15 m formation n'ime ụbọchị 40, debe ụlọ ahụ n'okpuru 12 mm na deflection mgbidi n'okpuru 15 mm.
Aquifer ájá mechiri emechi dị n'omimi 22 m. N'okpuru ihe dị ka 9 m, ala fọdụrụ n'okpuru ala olulu enweghịzi ike ijide nrụgide mmiri ya, ya mere a ga-akwọpụ mmiri site na aquifer ka igwu ala na-emimi — ihe nchekwa megide ịrị elu nke ala olulu ga-abụ opekata mpe 1.2 oge niile. N'ụbọchị 8, ndị ọrụ iwepụ mmiri na-emepe olulu ruo 450 m³/h. Otu oyi akwa ụrọ dị n'elu aquifer n'okpuru ụlọ dị n'akụkụ. Ikike iwepụ mmiri na-ekwe 280 puku m³ maka ọrụ niile. Ruo 15 m n'ime ụbọchị 45, ka ịdaba ụlọ ahụ na njedebe ghara ịgafe 30 mm.
Onye ọrụ nkwekọrịta na-egwu ala na-akwụsịghị 0.7 m kwa ụbọchị na-enweghị hold point, ndị ọrụ strut esorokwala ya ruo ugbu a. N'ụbọchị 15, mgbe ihu igwu ala erulatala ọkwa strut nke anọ, igwe maka ọkwa ahụ na-egbu oge otu izu. Strut 1–3 etinyela. Debe strut kachasị ala n'ime ibu nhazi ya na ịgbagọ mgbidi n'okpuru 30 mm, ma ka ruo 15 m tupu ụbọchị 30.
Mmekọrịta ọ bụla simulator na-eji, na isi mmalite ya. Ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe akara dị ka echiche bụ nhazi ngosi.
S = EI / (γw · h⁴), h = depth − lowest strut level (unsupported height)[3][5]Δδh = ΔH · ρ(S) · (1 − 0.8·preload); ρ(%) = clip(2.3 − 0.7·log10 S, 0.12, 1.6); creep 2.5 mm/d per m of h above 3.5 m (berm −2 m)[3][5][10]Nha ngosi maka ịkụziri, ọ bụghị ụkpụrụ maka saịtị ọ bụla n'ezie.δv,max = 0.75·δh,max; δv(d) = δv,max for d ≤ 0.75H, × (2 − d/H)/1.25 to 0 at d = 2H[3][4]FS = γt·(z_aq − H) / (γw·(z_aq − z_wt − s_in)); required ≥ 1.2[10]s(r) = Q/(2πT)·ln(R/r) − Q_r/(2πT)·ln(R/r_r) (steady radial flow, superposition; heads lag the steady state with τ = 1.5 d); Q_r ≤ 0.55·Q[9]Nha ngosi maka ịkụziri, ọ bụghị ụkpụrụ maka saịtị ọ bụla n'ezie.∂u/∂t = c_v ∂²u/∂z²; Δσ' = −Δu; settlement = Σ m_v·Δσ'·Δz (unloading: 0.1·m_v)[8]β = (s_near − s_far) / L; 1/500 = 2 ‰ (limit where cracking is not acceptable), 1/300 = 3.3 ‰ (first cracking)[6][7]P = 0.3·γ·H · (half span above + h) · 5 m ≥ preload; shown as % of design load 2400 kN[2]Nha ngosi maka ịkụziri, ọ bụghị ụkpụrụ maka saịtị ọ bụla n'ezie.reading = true value + N(0, σ); σ = 0.5 mm (settlement points), 1.0 mm (inclinometer)[1]Nha ngosi maka ịkụziri, ọ bụghị ụkpụrụ maka saịtị ọ bụla n'ezie.final depth 15 m · struts at 1, 4, 7, 10, 13 m, 5 m apart along the wall, crew starts 0.5 m below a level and needs 2 days · over-excavation allowance 4 m unsupported · wall 0.8 m concrete (EI = 1.28 GN·m²/m per m) · γ = 19 kN/m³ · building 12 m long, near edge 6 m behind the wall · water table 1 m · aquifer T = 300 m²/d, R = 400 m, excavation radius 12 m, recharge line 4 m behind the wall (effective radius 3 m) · clay 5 m above the aquifer, m_v = 0.2 /MPa, c_v = 0.15 m²/d · ground factors lognormal (σ 0.10 wall, 0.15 m_v, 0.20 c_v) · base unworkable below FS 1.05 · recharge capped at 55 % of the water pumped (supply from the discharge, well clogging)Nha ngosi maka ịkụziri, ọ bụghị ụkpụrụ maka saịtị ọ bụla n'ezie.Enweghị usoro: ihe mmepụta mulberry32 nwere mkpụrụ; nkesa ejiri — uniform, exponential (inverse CDF), normal (Box–Muller), Poisson (Knuth). A na-egosi mkpụrụ ma nwee ike ikekọrịta ya.
Ụdị agụmakwụkwọ — ọ bụghị maka mkpebi ọrụ. Ebe n'ezie na-edozi ihe niile na-agbanwe agbanwe dịka ngwá ọrụ na data nke ha si dị.